Cara Mengkonfigurasi Remote Desktop Melalui Router
Jika Anda ingin terhubung ke PC Windows Anda dari lokasi yang jauh, ada beberapa cara untuk melakukannya. Misalnya, Anda dapat melakukan tunnel VNC melalui SSH, memungkinkan Anda untuk menggunakan protokol VNC open-source melalui koneksi SSH terenkripsi. Metode terbaik, bagaimanapun, adalah dengan menggunakan alat Windows Remote Desktop.
Ada beberapa langkah yang harus Anda ambil sebelum Anda siap untuk terhubung ke PC Windows dari jarak jauh. Anda harus mengonfigurasi Remote Desktop melalui router Anda, memastikan bahwa port yang diperlukan terbuka dan penerusan port aktif. Untuk melakukan ini dan menggunakan Remote Desktop dari jarak jauh, Anda harus mengikuti langkah-langkah ini.
Daftar isi
Mengonfigurasi Windows Firewall untuk Mengizinkan Akses Desktop Jarak Jauh
Sebelum Anda dapat mengonfigurasi koneksi Desktop Jarak Jauh melalui router Anda, Anda harus memastikan bahwa Windows akan mengizinkan koneksi masuk dan keluar ke PC Anda.
1. Untuk melakukannya, klik kanan menu Start dan pilih Settings.
2. Di menu Pengaturan, pilih Perbarui & Keamanan > Keamanan Windows > Firewall & perlindungan jaringan.
3. Di menu Firewall & perlindungan jaringan, pilih opsi Izinkan aplikasi melalui firewall.
4. Pilih tombol Ubah pengaturan di jendela Aplikasi yang diizinkan untuk membuka kunci menu.
5. Setelah Anda membuka kunci menu ini, temukan opsi Remote Desktop dan Remote Desktop (WebSocket) dalam daftar yang tersedia. Pilih kotak centang di sebelah opsi ini untuk mengizinkan koneksi RDP melalui firewall. Pilih tombol OK untuk menyimpan pilihan Anda.
Mengubah Port RDP Default pada Windows 10
Anda telah mengatur Windows Firewall untuk mengizinkan koneksi RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol). Sekarang, Anda harus mengubah port RDP default yang digunakan oleh Windows untuk koneksi RDP dari port 3389 ke nomor port alternatif.
Ini karena risiko serangan Remote Desktop Protocol sangat tinggi. Meskipun mengubah port bukan satu-satunya cara untuk mengamankan koneksi RDP Anda, ini akan membantu memperlambat dan membatasi risiko dari bot pemindaian port acak yang mencari port RDP terbuka di router Anda.
1. Untuk mengubah port RDP, klik kanan menu Start dan pilih opsi Run. Atau, pilih tombol Windows + R pada keyboard Anda.
2. Pada kotak dialog Run, ketik regedit sebelum memilih OK. Ini akan membuka Windows Registry Editor.
3. Menggunakan menu pohon di sebelah kiri di jendela Editor Registri baru, temukan kunci HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server\WinStations\RDP-Tcp\PortNumber. Klik kanan tombol PortNumber di sebelah kanan lalu pilih opsi Modify.
4. Di kotak Edit DWORD (32-bit) Value, pilih Desimal dari kategori Base, lalu atur nilai port baru di kotak Value data, pastikan nilai yang Anda gunakan tidak umum digunakan oleh port lain yang dikenal . Pilih OK untuk menyimpan pilihan Anda.
Setelah Anda membuat perubahan pada nomor port RDP default, Anda harus me-restart PC Anda. Koneksi apa pun yang Anda buat ke PC menggunakan RDP ke depan perlu dikonfigurasi menggunakan nomor port yang Anda pilih (mis. 10.0.0.10:1337 daripada 10.0.0.10:3389).
Mengaktifkan Penerusan Port pada Router Jaringan Anda
You can now begin to configure your router to allow connections from the internet to your PC on your local network. The first step in this process is to enable port forwarding on your router without letting hackers in.
1. To begin, access your router’s web administration page using your web browser (typically 192.168.1.1, 192.168.1.254, or a similar variation) and sign in. You’ll need to make sure that the device you’re using to access the web portal is connected to the same network. If you’re unsure, consult with the user manual for your network router for additional information.
2. Once you’ve signed into your router, you’ll need to locate the port forwarding settings (eg. Forwarding > Virtual Servers on a TP-Link router). Once you’ve located these settings, you’ll need to add an entry that maps the RDP port (3389 by default, or a custom port you’ve set) to the local network IP address of your PC (not your public IP address).
With the RDP port mapped, port forwarding should be active and ready to allow Remote Desktop connections over the internet. You should be able to connect to your PC remotely using your public IP address and RDP port number, with your network router forwarding the requests to your PC.
Mapping Your IP Address Using a Dynamic DNS Service
Once port forwarding is active, you should be able to make Remote Desktop connections over the internet as long as the port forwarding rule is active, your PC is switched on and connected to your router, your internet connection is active, and your public IP address remains the same.
However, if your ISP uses dynamic IP addresses (IP addresses that regularly change), you won’t be able to connect if or when your public IP address changes. To get around this problem, you can map your IP address using a Dynamic DNS service so that, when your IP address changes, you can still make connections remotely.
Before you can use a Dynamic DNS service, however, you’ll need to set up an account with an appropriate provider like No-IP.
1. If you want to use No-IP for Dynamic DNS, create your account by providing your email address and a suitable password. You’ll also need to provide a hostname (eg. example.ddns.net) that you can use to establish RDP connections without using your IP address.
2. Once you’ve created your account, you’ll need to activate it. Check your email inbox and select the Confirm account button included in the confirmation email once you receive it.
3. With your account activated, you’ll need to install the Dynamic Update Client on your PC next. This ensures that your No IP account always has your correct public IP address, allowing you to make connections. Download the Dynamic Update Client to your PC and install it to proceed.
4. Once the Dynamic Update Client is installed on your PC, the app should open automatically. Sign in using your No IP username and password at this point.
5. After signing in, you’ll need to select which hostnames to link to your public IP address. Select the appropriate hostname from the list, then select Save to confirm.
6. At this point, you should be able to connect to your PC remotely using your Dynamic DNS hostname and the RDP port in use (eg. example.ddns.net:3389). The Dynamic Update Client will check for changes to your public IP address every five minutes, but if you want to refresh this yourself, select the Refresh Now button in the DUC settings window.
7. Certain network routers (such as TP-Link) support Dynamic DNS and allow you to automatically refresh your public IP address without installing the Dynamic Update Client on your PC. Though, it’s recommended that you still do so as a backup option. For example, users with a TP-Link router can access these settings by selecting the Dynamic DNS menu option on the web administration page. For other models, consult your network router’s user manual for more information on how to proceed.
8. Once you’ve configured your router using these steps, you should be able to connect remotely using RDP. Make sure to type the correct Dynamic DNS hostname and port number (eg. example.ddns.net:3387) in the Remote Desktop Connection tool to authenticate correctly. If your router is configured properly and there are no other connection issues, you should be able to make the connection and establish the Remote Desktop connection successfully.
Alternatives to Remote Desktop
The steps above should allow you to configure Remote Desktop connections through your router. However, if your Remote Desktop connections aren’t working, or you’re unhappy with the quality, there are alternatives to RDP available. For instance, apps like TeamViewer will allow you to connect to your PC with ease.
You can also use various Remote Desktop management tools to maintain your connections, or you could think about setting up a VPN to establish connections to your remote PC instead. You may also want to consider how to remotely shutdown or restart your PC to reset your PC if you run into problems.
You can now begin to configure your router to allow connections from the internet to your PC on your local network. The first step in this process is to enable port forwarding on your router without letting hackers in.
1. To begin, access your router’s web administration page using your web browser (typically 192.168.1.1, 192.168.1.254, or a similar variation) and sign in. You’ll need to make sure that the device you’re using to access the web portal is connected to the same network. If you’re unsure, consult with the user manual for your network router for additional information.
2. Once you’ve signed into your router, you’ll need to locate the port forwarding settings (eg. Forwarding > Virtual Servers on a TP-Link router). Once you’ve located these settings, you’ll need to add an entry that maps the RDP port (3389 by default, or a custom port you’ve set) to the local network IP address of your PC (not your public IP address).
With the RDP port mapped, port forwarding should be active and ready to allow Remote Desktop connections over the internet. You should be able to connect to your PC remotely using your public IP address and RDP port number, with your network router forwarding the requests to your PC.
Mapping Your IP Address Using a Dynamic DNS Service
Once port forwarding is active, you should be able to make Remote Desktop connections over the internet as long as the port forwarding rule is active, your PC is switched on and connected to your router, your internet connection is active, and your public IP address remains the same.
However, if your ISP uses dynamic IP addresses (IP addresses that regularly change), you won’t be able to connect if or when your public IP address changes. To get around this problem, you can map your IP address using a Dynamic DNS service so that, when your IP address changes, you can still make connections remotely.
Before you can use a Dynamic DNS service, however, you’ll need to set up an account with an appropriate provider like No-IP.
1. If you want to use No-IP for Dynamic DNS, create your account by providing your email address and a suitable password. You’ll also need to provide a hostname (eg. example.ddns.net) that you can use to establish RDP connections without using your IP address.
2. Once you’ve created your account, you’ll need to activate it. Check your email inbox and select the Confirm account button included in the confirmation email once you receive it.
3. With your account activated, you’ll need to install the Dynamic Update Client on your PC next. This ensures that your No IP account always has your correct public IP address, allowing you to make connections. Download the Dynamic Update Client to your PC and install it to proceed.
4. Once the Dynamic Update Client is installed on your PC, the app should open automatically. Sign in using your No IP username and password at this point.
5. After signing in, you’ll need to select which hostnames to link to your public IP address. Select the appropriate hostname from the list, then select Save to confirm.
6. At this point, you should be able to connect to your PC remotely using your Dynamic DNS hostname and the RDP port in use (eg. example.ddns.net:3389). The Dynamic Update Client will check for changes to your public IP address every five minutes, but if you want to refresh this yourself, select the Refresh Now button in the DUC settings window.
7. Certain network routers (such as TP-Link) support Dynamic DNS and allow you to automatically refresh your public IP address without installing the Dynamic Update Client on your PC. Though, it’s recommended that you still do so as a backup option. For example, users with a TP-Link router can access these settings by selecting the Dynamic DNS menu option on the web administration page. For other models, consult your network router’s user manual for more information on how to proceed.
8. Once you’ve configured your router using these steps, you should be able to connect remotely using RDP. Make sure to type the correct Dynamic DNS hostname and port number (eg. example.ddns.net:3387) in the Remote Desktop Connection tool to authenticate correctly. If your router is configured properly and there are no other connection issues, you should be able to make the connection and establish the Remote Desktop connection successfully.
Alternatives to Remote Desktop
The steps above should allow you to configure Remote Desktop connections through your router. However, if your Remote Desktop connections aren’t working, or you’re unhappy with the quality, there are alternatives to RDP available. For instance, apps like TeamViewer will allow you to connect to your PC with ease.
You can also use various Remote Desktop management tools to maintain your connections, or you could think about setting up a VPN to establish connections to your remote PC instead. You may also want to consider how to remotely shutdown or restart your PC to reset your PC if you run into problems.