What is HTML? Learn Everything, Completely

Hello guys! Now the admin will explain What is HTML (HyperText Markup Language) in full, maybe some of you already know about HTML, but this is a question that often arises for a beginner who is just starting the process of learning the web. For that, let's discuss it together so that those who already understand more and for those who still don't understand, hopefully with this post they can understand. Okay, let's go straight to the discussion!

What is HTML?

HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language. Called hypertext because, in it, plain text can function differently, we can make it a link that can move from one page to another just by clicking on the text. This text capability is called hypertext, although in its implementation later it is not only text that can be used as a link. It is called Markup Language because this language uses marks to mark parts of the text. For example, text that is between certain marks will be bold, and if it is in other marks it will appear large. These marks are known as HTML tags.

HTML History

In 1980, IBM thought of creating a document that would identify each element of the document by a specific tag. IBM later developed a type of language that combines text using document formatting commands. IBM named this system as Generalized Markup Language (GML), a language that uses signs as its basis.

In 1986, ISO stated that IBM had a very good concept of documents, then later issued a publication (ISO 8879) which stated that markup language was the standard for creating documents. ISO made this language from IBM's GML but gave it another name, namely SGML or (Standard Generalized Markup Language). ISO in its publications believes that SGML will be very useful for processing text information and office systems. But beyond the approximation of ISO, SGML and especially the subset of SGML, namely HTML is also useful for surfing the internet. Especially for those who use the World Wide Web or abbreviated (www). The latest version currently is HTML5.

HTML Development

HTML 1.0

HTML 1.0 was the first version of HTML. At this time few people participated in its creation. The features of this version are still limited. Among other things, headings, paragraphs, hypertext, lists, bold and italic effects on text. Version 1.0 also supports image placement but does not support text around images.

HTML 2.0

HTML 2.0 still carries the previous features of version 1.0, with the addition of several new features. Those features are forms. Through the form, we can enter data such as name, address, and comments. The presence of this form feature is the beginning of the formation of an interactive website.

HTML 3.0

In this version, many people started to contribute to HTML. One of the new features that are present in this version is tables. This version did not last long due to many problems such as wars between browsers. Therefore, the HTML is immediately replaced again to version 3.2

HTML 3.2

The war between browsers continues as they create their own HTML tags. To stop this, an organization was formed that handles HTML standards. This organization is called the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).

HTML 4.0

With the presence of the W3C as HTML standardization, the browser war stopped. then develop into HTML 4.0. This version contains many revisions or changes from the previous version. This change occurs in almost all commands such as text, links, images, image maps, tables, forms, meta, and others.

HTML 4.01

This version is here to fix some errors in the previous version

XHTML 1.0

XHTML is a combination of HTML and XML. Since XHTML is not as flexible as HTML, not many people like this version.

HTML 5

HTML 5 is the latest version, and at the same time brings a lot of changes to the previous version. Many new tags were introduced, such as <header>, <aside>, <section>, <footer>, and other interesting tags. In addition, this version supports video streaming without using flash.

HTML Functions

 1. HTML language is used to create web pages. All these pages must be made using HTML.

 2. As The Foundation For A Website. A house if it does not have a foundation will quickly collapse. Likewise with websites. If you don't have HTML as a foundation, you can't implement other languages ​​such as CSS (a language for designing websites), Javascript (a language for adding website behavior), and PHP (a website server programming language).

 3. to mark elements/sections on web pages. A website has several sections such as header, navigation, main, and footer. We can mark each part with HTML.

 4. To display information in tabular form

 5. To add objects such as audio, video, images, etc. in a page or web sheet

 6. To create an online form

How HTML Works

In the science of website development, the process of translating code is called execution, or in other words, it can also be called compilation. Just like other codes in the world of computer science, HTML code also performs execution and compilation.

Human = Code Writer

Executor = Code Introduction

Browser = Code Viewer

  * Human: Hey executor! Please pass the code <h1>I am human</h1> into the browser.

  * Executor: OK! the code <h1>I am human</h1> will be delivered to the browser.

  * Executor: Hello browsers! I want to pass the code <h1>I am a human</h1> from a human.

  * Browser: OK, I see that the code to be displayed is <h1> and the text I am human is. The text will appear in black, then the font size (font) is 20, and the thickness of the letters is quite thick.

Well, from the illustration of the conversation above, the browser states that the <h1> code will be displayed in black, the font size is 20, and the font thickness is quite thick. The font size and thickness are the rules that are applied by default when the web browser receives the <h1> code.

Advantages of HTML

 1. It is a cross-platform coding language, meaning that HTML can be used on many different types of computer machines and on a variety of different operating systems. So it is flexible because it is written simply by using an ASCII character editor.

 2. Images can be inserted either static or dynamic images (animations) including using images to be used as hyperlinks. The image here refers to a web page, where each defined point in the form of a rectangular (box), polygon (irregular curve), or circle is used to 'jump' to another page, or a link to a page outside the web. concerned.

 3. You can insert animations in the form of Java Applets or animation files from Macromedia Flash or Macromedia Shockwave (in this case, the browser must have a special plug-in to run these animation files).

 4. Programming languages ​​can be included that are useful for beautifying web pages such as Javascript, VBScript, Active Server Pages, Perl, Tcl, PHP, and so on.

 5. Not a programming language so it does not require a compiler. How to run it simply by using a browser.

Lack of HTML

 1. Produce static pages, because to get dynamic pages you must use certain programming languages ​​such as Javascript or VBScript and animations such as Flash or Shockwave.

 2. It has so many tags that it is difficult to learn for the layman.

Cannot generate interactive pages. Interactive here means that the client can interact with the server. For this purpose, HTML must be included in a programming language that can handle this, for example Perl or Tcl.

HTML Basic Structure

1. Element

Element is a term for the basic components that make up HTML documents. Element consists of 3 parts, namely the opening tag, content and closing. HTML elements can be nested. That is, an element can be inside an element. Example:

<head>

   <title>Disk Utility</title>

</head>

In the example above, the title element is inside the head element. Elements that cannot be nested are elements that do not have a closing tag. Because the closing pair cannot be the parent of another element.

2. Tags

A tag is a marker. The prefix and suffix markers of an element then always begin with square brackets <> for example <p> ,<br>, and end with </> for example </p>, </br>, etc. The opening is preceded by square brackets only <> without a slash while the closing is preceded by square brackets and slashes </> for example as below:

<p>Disk Utility</p> <!-- <Start tag>Contents</Close tag> -->

It must be remembered that every time we open a <> tag we must end it with a closing that uses the </> symbol. If we don't give a closing, an error will occur, then the code will not work. Also keep in mind that HTML code has lots of tags, and each one has a different function. But there are also HTML tags that don't need to be closed

3. Attributes

Attributes are additional information provided to the tag. The information in question can be in the form of commands for the color of the text, the font size of the text, determining the position of the text, and much more. Each attribute has a name and value pair, or is written as name='value'. Examples of using attributes:

<a href="https://disk-utility.com">Attribute Example</a>

HTML links are defined with the <a> tag. This link address is an attribute. Remember, always use quotes around attribute values. There are double quotation marks such as (") and there are also single ('). But what is often used is double

Summary

So What Is HTML? HyperText Markup Language is a computer language designed to enable the creation of websites. This website can then be viewed by others connected to the Internet. For beginners, web/HTML creation is an important foundation so that it can help when we start a web project without using a practical way. And keep in mind that HTML is not a programming language why can that be

Hopefully, this article about What is HTML? Learn Everything, Completely, gives you a little insight. Also, read an article about What is ICMP? This is the function and how it works that you may need to know. Thank you.